Principles of Crop Production

Crop production depends on the successful implementation of the soil, water, and nutrient management technologies. Crops are the primary source of food for all human beings. With an increasing population, the demand for food is also on the rise. Subsequently, several crop production and management strategies and methods are implemented in the agricultural field to increase output level. Crop harvesting is the procedure of cutting, gathering, or reaping crops. The said procedure is initiated when crops mature and turn golden yellow or brown. Usually, factors like the type of crop, its maturity period, and season are determining factors for the harvesting of crops. In India, festivals like Baisakhi, Bihu, Holi, Pongal, etc. are closely associated with the harvesting season. ‘Cropping pattern’ and ‘cropping system’ are two terms used interchangeably; however these are two different concepts. While cropping pattern refers to the yearly sequence and spatial arrangement of crops or of crops and fallow in a particular land area; Cropping system refers to cropping pattern as well as its interaction with resources; technology, environment etc. The crops to be grown together should have a different maturation time and different water requirements. One tall and one dwarf crop should be grown together. The nutrients required by one crop should be less than those required by the other. One crop should have deep roots, other’s should be shallow. All these criteria lead to a successful mixed cropping pattern. For individuals preparing for a future in agriculture and for the Crop Certification exams. The book is suitable for use in courses covering crop production at either the introductory or intermediate levels of study and is an invaluable reference for students and professionals alike.